Without getting into all those engineering principles about EMF, Counter EMF and such, let's just keep it nice and simple.
The amount of voltage you have available on the slot car track will control the amount of speed that a slot car can run at, given the opportunity and space to get to that speed.
The amount of current you have available on the slot car track will control how quickly that slot car can get to that speed.
In the early days at our club, the track was powered by wall warts - one per lane, so we had a whopping 400 milliamps per lane to run on.
When we repowered the track and added a Pyramid Power Supply with 10 Amps for all four lanes, we went through a quantum leap in the amount of power available.
One of the cars at our facility is a TSRF chassis with the "Homeset" motor in it. Hey I've got commercial cars with that motor in it that run very well at commercial raceways. Well the car was very "soft" coming out of corners. That is when you went to "WOT" (Wide Open Throttle) the car accelerated, but not in the manner I was expecting to see. Well after we increased the amount of current (Amps) available to power the car by a factor of 25, that TSRF car literally "jumped" off the corner. Actually the person driving it did not expect the car to literally take off like a big bird and was slow to react to the car. That car still holds the long distance award for being airborne at our club. We had the voltage set the same as a wall wort at the time. We have since dropped it to 10.5 volts, rather then 14.8 volts.
I sure do hope this helps you understand the relationship between volts and amps.
As Ohm sez in his law,

or Amps (I) are equal to the available Voltage divided by the Resistance of the load.